又是一年高考日。据百度联合中国教育在线共同发布的《百度2021高考搜索大数据》显示,人工智能专业独占鳌头,成为2021年搜索热度增长最快的专业之一。中国电子学会预测,2022全球人工智能市场将达到1630亿元。不仅如此,人工智能带来的生产率的提升也十分显著。据埃森哲预测, 2035 年,人工智能将推动中国劳动生产率提高 27%,经济总增加值提升 7.1 万亿美元。
从全球产业格局来看,中、美两国人工智能企业数量远高于其他国家,两国人工智能企业数量占全球比重高达61%。尽管中国人工智能产业在应用层已经在很多领域处于世界领先地位,但从基础软件和基础硬件上看,美国的技术体制和相关的大型企业占据主导地位。中国人工智能产业主要的问题是要补齐基础软件的能力。
目前,中国人工智能行业呈现三大发展特征:
区域分布:京津冀、长三角、珠三角城市群密集
从区域分布来看,中国人工智能产业主要聚集在京津冀、长三角和珠三角城市群。
中国新一代人工智能发展战略研究院发布的《中国新一代人工智能科技产业发展报告2021》数据显示,截至2020年,我国人工智能企业主要分布在京津冀、长江三角洲和珠江三角洲三大都市圈,占比分别为31.02%,30.23%和26.39%。
从城市分布来看,人工智能企业分布密集的城市是北京市、上海市、深圳市和广州市,占比分别为29.73%,14.07%,13.99%和8.14%。
产业链:三个基本层都有突破
从产业链看,人工智能产业链分为基础层、技术层和应用层。
基础层近年来各环节技术、产品和商业模式上均有不同程度突破,其中,数据、芯片、云计算等通用基础产品和服务较受行业关注;
从技术层来看,早期大量投入研发的优势企业将更早地进入商业应用阶段;
应用层是商业化最核心环节,目前企业主要集中在应用层,垂直领域聚焦医疗、金融、商业等领域。
企业:龙头企业林立
从企业层面来看,人工智能行业主要上市公司有阿里巴巴、腾讯、科大讯飞、赛为智能、科大智能、海康威视、四维图新等。具体来看:
基础层:传感器的行业龙头是京东方科技,AI芯片的行业龙头有中科曙光公司、中星微电子、寒武纪、地平线、四维图新等,云计算的龙头包括百度云、金山云、世纪互联等,数据服务的龙头包括百度数据众包、京东众智、数据堂等;
技术层:机器学习龙头是百度IDL、京东DNN等,自然语言处理的龙头是百度、搜狗、紫平方等,语音识别的龙头是科大讯飞;
应用层:拓维信息是智慧教育龙头。
作为中美竞争博弈的一个重要领域,也是中国不依赖美国且有可能让中国成为AI领导者的一个重要赛道,人工智能领域今后的发展充满想象,也将为众多企业打开新的机遇空间。
历经17年的通讯行业的实践和深厚理论经验积累,小文智能致力于用AI技术解放劳动力,做大众认知与认可的好产品,推进AI科技改善生活。自上线以来,不断提升技术、强化功能、优化产品,实现了持续高质量发展,业务量呈几何级增长,目前,全国上千家企业与小文智能达成合作,累计为客户节约运营成本超千万元。小文智能细心聆听客户的意愿,并结合技术专长和资源,为他们提供卓越的智能语音解决方案,从而帮助他们实现企业智能化转型,创造更多价值。
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